Morne Trois Pitons
Morne Trois Pitons is a volcanic peak and the centrepiece of Morne Trois Pitons National Park in Saint Paul Parish, Dominica. Standing at 1,342 meters (4,403 feet), it is the second-highest peak on the island, surpassed only by Morne Diablotins. “Morne Trois Pitons” translates to “mountain of three peaks,” reflecting its distinct geological features.
About Morne Trois Pitons
The mountain and its surrounding national park cover approximately 6,857 hectares, about 9% of Dominica’s land area. Steep volcanic hills, deep valleys, and diverse tropical forests characterize the park’s landscape. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997, recognizing its unique natural beauty and ecological importance.
The mountain is part of a complex volcanic landscape with numerous geothermal features. The surrounding area is characterized by volcanic cones, hot springs, fumaroles, and boiling mud ponds. The Valley of Desolation is an area known for its active geothermal features, with steaming vents and colourful mineral deposits. This region exemplifies the ongoing volcanic processes shaping the landscape.
Natural Features and Attractions
- Boiling Lake: One of the park’s most famous features, the Boiling Lake is the second-largest hot spring in the world. The lake’s water temperature can reach 92°C near the edges and is constantly boiling due to volcanic activity beneath.
- Valley of Desolation: This area is noted for its geothermal activity, including boiling mud ponds, small geysers, and streams of various colours due to mineral deposits. It is a striking contrast to the lush vegetation in the park.
- Freshwater Lake and Boeri Lake: These lakes are the largest and highest in Dominica, respectively. Misty forests surround them and offer scenic hiking trails.
- Middleham Falls: A 30-meter high waterfall that feeds a cold, swimmable pool, accessible via two hiking trails from Providence and Sylvania.
Flora and Fauna
The park is home to various ecosystems, ranging from tropical rainforests to montane and elfin forests at higher elevations. The vegetation includes towering trees like Amanoa caribaea, interspersed with tree ferns, orchids, and bromeliads. The fauna is equally diverse, featuring species such as the Sisserou Parrot and Jaco Parrot and various mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.