Broad-winged Hawk (Malfini)
The Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus), locally known as “Malfini”, is a medium-sized raptor known for its soaring flight and piercing cry, commonly seen gliding above forested ridges in Dominica. The island is home to the subspecies Buteo platypterus rivierei, which also occurs on nearby islands like Martinique and Saint Lucia, but remains a significant and charismatic part of Dominica wildlife.
Appearance and Identification
The Broad-winged Hawk has a compact, robust build, with broad, rounded wings and a short, banded tail. Adults are brown above and pale below with horizontal barring. In flight, the contrasting pattern on its tail and underwings makes it easily recognizable. It typically measures 34–45 cm (13–18 inches) in length, with a wingspan up to 100 cm (39 inches).
Habitat and Distribution in Dominica
This hawk favors mid to high-elevation rainforest, where it can often be seen circling silently above ridgelines or perched in tall trees. Common locations to observe the Broad-winged Hawk include:
- Syndicate Nature Trail – Look for it gliding over the tree canopy in open sky gaps.
- Laudat and Freshwater Lake region – Often visible soaring above valleys, especially early in the day.
- Middleham Falls Trail and Morne Trois Pitons slopes – A rewarding area for experienced birders.
- Morne Bruce Lookout – Occasionally seen riding thermals over the Roseau Valley.
Behavior and Birdwatching Tips
This hawk is typically a solitary hunter, feeding on lizards, small mammals, birds, and large insects. It hunts by perching quietly and watching, then diving suddenly to capture prey. During breeding seasons, their sharp, high-pitched whistle becomes more frequent and helps birders locate them.
To improve your birdwatching success:
- Visit elevated, forested areas during morning hours when raptors are most active.
- Use binoculars or a spotting scope for clearer views from a distance.
- Seek help from local guides in Syndicate, Laudat, or Trafalgar, who know nesting areas and typical perches.
Nesting and Conservation
Broad-winged Hawks in Dominica nest high in tall forest trees, using stick nests lined with bark or green leaves. They typically lay 1–3 eggs, and both parents care for the chicks. While not an endangered species, their limited range in the Eastern Caribbean—restricted to a few islands—makes habitat conservation important for maintaining stable populations.
The Broad-winged Hawk is an important forest predator and a memorable sight for any birdwatcher in Dominica’s mountainous rainforest. Its elegant flight and role in ecosystem balance make it a true symbol of the island’s wilder side.