World’s First Climate-Resilient Nation, Dominica

Dominica has boldly positioned itself as the world’s first climate-resilient nation, a transformative goal born out of necessity following the devastation of Hurricane Maria in September 2017. This catastrophic storm, a Category 5 hurricane, left a trail of destruction, damaging over 90% of the island’s infrastructure and causing losses amounting to approximately USD 1.3 billion, more than double the nation’s GDP. Dominica’s resilience vision reflects its recognition of the growing threats of climate change and the urgent need to protect its people, environment, and economy.

The Ethos Behind Climate Resilience

The ethos driving Dominica’s climate resilience initiative is rooted in its identity as the “Nature Isle of the Caribbean“. Dominica is a treasure trove of natural beauty with its lush rainforests, vibrant biodiversity, and unique geological features like geothermal sulphur springs. This ecological wealth emphasises the need for a sustainable development model that balances growth with conservation. Climate resilience is an economic strategy and a cultural commitment to safeguarding the island for future generations.

A Holistic Approach to Resilience

Dominica’s climate resilience framework places significant emphasis on robust infrastructure. Rebuilding efforts after Hurricane Maria were guided by the principle of “build back better.” Investments have included:

• Hurricane-Resistant Housing: Over 5,000 homes rebuilt with modern, storm-resistant designs.
• Resilient Roads and Bridges: The construction of infrastructure designed to withstand flooding and landslides, bolstered by an investment of over USD 300 million.
• Renewable Energy Projects: The Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) and other partners are supporting geothermal energy development, which aims to meet 20% of the island’s energy needs and reduce its reliance on imported fossil fuels.

Environmental Stewardship

Dominica’s natural resources are at the heart of its climate resilience strategy. Key initiatives include:

• Protected Areas: Over 20% of Dominica’s landmass is designated as national parks and reserves under the National Parks and Protected Areas Act, 1975.
• Mangrove and Forest Restoration: These projects enhance coastal defense and improve biodiversity.
• Geothermal Development: Harnessing the island’s volcanic activity to create sustainable energy solutions.

Economic Diversification

The resilience plan also addresses Dominica’s economic vulnerabilities by diversifying its economic base. Efforts include:

• Sustainable Tourism: Promoting eco-tourism and adventure tourism with attractions like the Waitukubuli National Trail and Morne Trois Pitons National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Climate-Smart Agriculture: Supporting farmers in adopting sustainable practices to mitigate the impacts of extreme weather on food production.

Key Players in Dominica’s Climate Resilience

Partnerships with international organizations and domestic agencies support Dominica’s resilience efforts:

• Climate Resilience Execution Agency for Dominica (CREAD): Established to coordinate resilience projects across sectors.
• World Bank and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP): Providing funding and expertise for disaster recovery and preparedness.
• Regional Collaboration: Partnerships with neighboring islands to share resources and best practices in disaster management.

Community Engagement and Grassroots Initiatives

The people of Dominica are at the forefront of climate resilience efforts, with community-based programs fostering a culture of sustainability. Grassroots initiatives encourage:

• Adoption of renewable energy solutions like solar panels.
• Disaster preparedness training in local villages.
• Conservation education to protect endangered species such as the Sisserou Parrot.

International Advocacy and Leadership

Dominica has become a global advocate for climate resilience, using platforms like the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP) to call for greater support for small island developing states (SIDS). The island’s leadership stresses the disproportionate impact of climate change on vulnerable nations and the need for equitable funding.

Challenges and Future Goals

Despite remarkable progress, Dominica faces challenges in its climate resilience journey:

• Economic Constraints: Balancing debt repayment with funding resilience projects.
• Global Climate Dynamics: Navigating international policies and securing sustainable funding streams.

Dominica aims to achieve 100% renewable energy by 2030, an ambitious goal that aligns with its broader vision of becoming a model for climate resilience worldwide.

A Vision of Hope

Dominica’s quest to become the world’s first climate-resilient nation is a story of determination and innovation. By integrating modern technology, environmental stewardship, and community involvement, the island is adapting to climate change and setting a benchmark for sustainable development. Dominica’s vision offers a beacon of hope and a blueprint for other nations navigating the complexities of a changing climate.